LEUKAEMIAS and Hodgkins

Stuart H Ralston et al

Leukemias are malignant disorders of white blood cells that cause bone marrow failure and organ infiltration. Incidence is about 10 per 100,000 annually, with a male predominance. The diseases are classified into acute and chronic forms, each further divided by myeloid or lymphoid origin, such as AML, ALL, CML, and CLL. Clinical presentation includes marrow failure, leukostasis, and constitutional symptoms, while staging systems like Rai and Binet guide prognosis for CLL. Management strategies range from watchful waiting in asymptomatic chronic cases to chemotherapy, targeted agents, and stem cell transplantation for aggressive disease.