LEISHMANIASIS

Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University

Leishmaniasis includes cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral forms, each presenting unique clinical challenges. The review highlights the increasing incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean region, and the decreasing prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis globally. Advances in laboratory diagnostics, particularly molecular methods, are discussed, along with the limited treatment options and the potential of combination therapies. The article also touches on the development of vaccines for leishmaniasis.